Climate Change Conspiracies

Denialist Conspiracies

1 Conspiracies about Climate Change [Denialist]

1.1 Items

Conspiracies about Climate Change

1. Climate scientists and their political allies are deliberately misleading the public about global warming. [Denialist]
2. Selfish interests are scheming to convince the public that global warming is a major threat. [Denialist]
3. Oil companies and their political allies are deliberately misleading the public about global warming. [Warmist]
4. Selfish interests are scheming to convince the public that global warming is not a major threat. [Warmist]

All items were asked in 9-point scale raning from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 9 (Strongly Agree).

1.2 Descriptives

1.2.1 Means, SD, Range, & SE

Descriptives for Denialist Climate Change Items

	vars	n	mean	sd	min	max	range	se
Scientists Misleading	1	1500	4.79	2.67	1	9	8	0.07
Convince GW major threat	2	1500	4.83	2.70	1	9	8	0.07
Means	3	1500	4.81	2.59	1	9	8	0.07

1.2.2 Proportions

1.2.3 Distributions

1.2.4 Correlations

1.3 Demographics

1.3.1 Social Class

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES

SES	N	Mean	SD
Upper Middle Class	395	-0.13	1.05
Poor	38	-0.02	1.00
Lower Middle Class	298	0.02	0.99
Rich	90	0.05	1.06
Middle Middle Class	679	0.06	0.96

1.3.2 Gender

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender

Gender	N	Mean	SD
Female	760	-0.16	0.94
Male	740	0.16	1.04

1.3.3 Age

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age

Age	N	Mean	SD
25-34 years	264	-0.25	0.90
55-64 years	234	-0.10	1.03
35-44 years	263	-0.05	1.01
18-24 years	193	-0.01	0.92
45-54 years	292	0.02	0.99
65+	254	0.38	1.03

1.3.4 Education

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education

Education	N	Mean	SD
Bachelor	310	-0.12	1.02
Graduate	193	-0.10	1.07
Some college	471	-0.01	1.01
Less than High-school	51	0.01	1.03
High-school	475	0.13	0.93

1.3.5 Income Levels

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels

Income Levels	N	Mean	SD
$35,000-$49,999	227	-0.12	0.93
$75,000-$99,999	192	-0.02	1.00
$100,000-$149,999	160	-0.01	1.07
$50,000-$74,999	292	0.00	0.99
$25,000-$34,999	176	0.03	1.01
$15,000-$24,999	180	0.03	1.02
Less than $15,000	178	0.05	1.00
$150,000 +	95	0.16	1.00

1.3.6 Ethnicity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity

Ethnicity	N	Mean	SD
Asian/Pacific Islander	29	-0.33	0.81
Latino	88	-0.17	0.96
Black/African America	115	-0.11	0.87
Other	18	0.01	0.95
Caucasian/European origin	1237	0.03	1.02
Native American	13	0.31	0.89

1.3.7 Occupation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation

Occupation	N	Mean	SD
Student	85	-0.15	0.91
Unemployed	146	-0.12	0.98
Full-time caregiver	31	-0.10	0.95
Employed	768	-0.05	1.00
Disabled	98	0.04	1.01
Parent	104	0.04	0.93
Retired	268	0.24	1.03

1.3.8 Area

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area

Area	N	Mean	SD
Urban	955	-0.09	1.01
Rural	545	0.16	0.97

1.3.9 Religious Affiliation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation

Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation

Religious Affiliation	N	Mean	SD
Atheist/Agnostic	230	-0.61	0.96
Jewish	52	-0.36	1.01
No religion	195	-0.10	0.92
Muslim	9	0.01	0.93
Christian	1014	0.18	0.96

1.4 Political Behavior

1.4.1 Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation

## [1] 0.3695

Political Orientation

Social Political Orientation

Economic Political Orientation

Composite Political Orientation

B

CI

B

CI

B

CI

B

CI

(Intercept)

2.64 ***

2.43 – 2.85

2.04 ***

1.80 – 2.29

2.84 ***

2.60 – 3.07

2.51 ***

2.30 – 2.71

Denialist Climate Conspiracies

0.55 ***

0.52 – 0.59

0.60 ***

0.56 – 0.64

0.55 ***

0.51 – 0.59

0.57 ***

0.53 – 0.61

Observations

1500

1500

1500

1500

R2 / adj. R2

.344 / .343

.318 / .318

.294 / .293

.370 / .369

Notes

* p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001

Political Orientation

Social Political Orientation

Economic Political Orientation

Composite Political Orientation

B

CI

B

CI

B

CI

B

CI

(Intercept)

0.97 ***

0.59 – 1.35

0.47 *

0.05 – 0.90

0.70 **

0.26 – 1.13

0.72 ***

0.35 – 1.08

Denialist Climate Conspiracies

0.45 ***

0.41 – 0.49

0.45 ***

0.41 – 0.50

0.48 ***

0.44 – 0.53

0.46 ***

0.43 – 0.50

Age

0.17 ***

0.11 – 0.23

0.17 ***

0.11 – 0.24

0.18 ***

0.11 – 0.25

0.17 ***

0.12 – 0.23

Income

0.07 **

0.02 – 0.12

-0.02

-0.07 – 0.04

0.12 ***

0.06 – 0.18

0.06 *

0.01 – 0.11

Religiosity

0.25 ***

0.21 – 0.28

0.37 ***

0.33 – 0.41

0.16 ***

0.12 – 0.20

0.26 ***

0.23 – 0.29

Education

-0.01

-0.11 – 0.09

-0.05

-0.16 – 0.06

0.15 **

0.04 – 0.27

0.03

-0.07 – 0.12

Observations

1500

1500

1500

1500

R2 / adj. R2

.442 / .440

.460 / .458

.364 / .362

.479 / .477

Notes

* p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001

1.4.2 Religiosity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity

## [1] 0.1093

1.4.3 Religiosity & Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity & Political Orientation

1.4.4 Candidate Preferences

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences

Candidate Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [centered]

Candidate Preference	N	Mean	SD
Bernie Sanders	362	-0.54	0.85
Hillary Clinton	371	-0.50	0.87
Gary Johnson	68	0.03	0.86
Jeb Bush	83	0.08	0.83
Donald Trump	444	0.58	0.82
Rand Paul	44	0.64	0.82
Ted Cruz	122	0.70	0.85

Candidate Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [raw means]

Candidate Preferences	N	Mean	SD	Range
Bernie Sanders	362	3.40	2.22	1-9
Hillary Clinton	371	3.52	2.26	1-9
Gary Johnson	68	4.88	2.23	1-9
Jeb Bush	83	5.02	2.16	1-9
Donald Trump	444	6.32	2.14	1-9
Rand Paul	44	6.48	2.12	1-9
Ted Cruz	122	6.64	2.20	1-9

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences

1.4.5 Party Preferences

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Preferences

Party Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [centered]

Party Preference	N	Mean	SD
Green Party	40	-0.87	0.64
Democratic Party	560	-0.56	0.90
None	120	0.03	0.92
Don’t know	90	0.05	0.73
Libertarian Party	100	0.18	0.95
Republican Party	508	0.45	0.82
Constitution Party	14	1.12	0.71
Tea Party	68	1.18	0.55

Party Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [raw means]

Party Preferences	N	Mean	SD	Range
Green Party	40	2.54	1.67	1-9
Democratic Party	560	3.35	2.33	1-9
None	120	4.89	2.39	1-9
Don’t know	90	4.93	1.89	1-9
Libertarian Party	100	5.27	2.46	1-9
Republican Party	508	5.97	2.13	1-9
Constitution Party	14	7.71	1.85	1-9
Tea Party	68	7.87	1.42	1-9

1.4.6 Voting

2016 [Trump vs. Clinton]

2016 [Trump vs. Clinton] + Supporters

2012 [Romney vs. Obama]

2008 [McCain vs. Obama]

Odds Ratio

CI

Odds Ratio

CI

Odds Ratio

CI

Odds Ratio

CI

(Intercept)

16.90 ***

11.90 – 24.48

15.58 ***

11.10 – 22.27

15.27 ***

11.01 – 21.52

12.70 ***

9.24 – 17.73

Denialist Climate Conspiracies

0.56 ***

0.52 – 0.60

0.57 ***

0.53 – 0.60

0.59 ***

0.56 – 0.63

0.62 ***

0.58 – 0.66

Observations

1103

1148

1236

1206

Notes

* p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001

1.4.7 Party Identity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting

Tables meant for checking the number of observations in each category of the above graph.

Party Identity & Voting

	Donald Trump	Hilary Clinton
Strong Democrat	4	323
Democrat	27	129
Leaning Democrat	10	65
Independent	17	16
Leaning Republican	58	7
Republican	166	24
Strong Republican	282	7

1.4.8 Party Identity [2 samples]

1.4.8.1 with both representative (N = 1500) and convinience (2119) samples.

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting

Tables meant for checking the number of observations in each category of the above graph.

Party Identity and Party Identity & Voting [N = 3619]

	Donald Trump	Hilary Clinton
Strong Democrat	6	649
Democrat	58	307
Leaning Democrat	18	196
Independent	70	46
Leaning Republican	181	15
Republican	440	57
Strong Republican	748	12

1.4.9 Voting & Party Identity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity & Voting Preferences

		2016 [Clinton vs. Trump]			2016 [Trump vs. Clinton] + Supporters
		Odds Ratio	CI		Odds Ratio	CI
(Intercept)		89.684 ***	47.677 – 180.237		66.799 ***	37.653 – 125.130
Party Identity		0.009 ***	0.005 – 0.014		0.011 ***	0.007 – 0.017
Denialist Climate Conspiracies		0.649 ***	0.581 – 0.721		0.665 ***	0.601 – 0.733
Observations		1103			1148
Notes	* p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001

1.4.10 Likeability

1.4.11 Trump’s Likebility

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Trump’s Likebility

1.4.12 Clinton’s Likebility

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Clinton’s Likebility

1.4.13 Johnson’s Likebility

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Johnson’s Likebility

1.5 Politico-Psychological correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

1.5.1 Ideology and Partisanship & Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

1.5.2 Nationalism, Nativism, Patriotism, Populism, and Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

1.5.3 Political Psychology & Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

1.5.4 Values & Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

1.5.5 Positive and Negative correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies