• 1 Conspiracies about Climate Change [Denialist]
    • 1.1 Items
    • 1.2 Descriptives
      • 1.2.1 Means, SD, Range, & SE
      • 1.2.2 Proportions
      • 1.2.3 Distributions
      • 1.2.4 Correlations
    • 1.3 Demographics
      • 1.3.1 Social Class
      • 1.3.2 Gender
      • 1.3.3 Age
      • 1.3.4 Education
      • 1.3.5 Income Levels
      • 1.3.6 Ethnicity
      • 1.3.7 Occupation
      • 1.3.8 Area
      • 1.3.9 Religious Affiliation
    • 1.4 Political Behavior
      • 1.4.1 Political Orientation
      • 1.4.2 Religiosity
      • 1.4.3 Religiosity & Political Orientation
      • 1.4.4 Candidate Preferences
      • 1.4.5 Party Preferences
      • 1.4.6 Voting
      • 1.4.7 Party Identity
      • 1.4.8 Party Identity [2 samples]
      • 1.4.9 Voting & Party Identity
      • 1.4.10 Likeability
      • 1.4.11 Trump’s Likebility
      • 1.4.12 Clinton’s Likebility
      • 1.4.13 Johnson’s Likebility
    • 1.5 Politico-Psychological correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies
      • 1.5.1 Ideology and Partisanship & Denialist Climate Conspiracies
      • 1.5.2 Nationalism, Nativism, Patriotism, Populism, and Conspiracies
      • 1.5.3 Political Psychology & Denialist Climate Conspiracies
      • 1.5.4 Values & Denialist Climate Conspiracies
      • 1.5.5 Positive and Negative correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

1 Conspiracies about Climate Change [Denialist]

1.1 Items


Conspiracies about Climate Change

  1. Climate scientists and their political allies are deliberately misleading the public about global warming. [Denialist]
  2. Selfish interests are scheming to convince the public that global warming is a major threat. [Denialist]
  3. Oil companies and their political allies are deliberately misleading the public about global warming. [Warmist]
  4. Selfish interests are scheming to convince the public that global warming is not a major threat. [Warmist]

All items were asked in 9-point scale raning from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 9 (Strongly Agree).


1.2 Descriptives

1.2.1 Means, SD, Range, & SE


Descriptives for Denialist Climate Change Items
vars n mean sd min max range se
Scientists Misleading 1 1500 4.79 2.67 1 9 8 0.07
Convince GW major threat 2 1500 4.83 2.70 1 9 8 0.07
Means 3 1500 4.81 2.59 1 9 8 0.07

1.2.2 Proportions





1.2.3 Distributions


1.2.4 Correlations











1.3 Demographics

1.3.1 Social Class





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES




Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES
SES N Mean SD
Upper Middle Class 395 -0.13 1.05
Poor 38 -0.02 1.00
Lower Middle Class 298 0.02 0.99
Rich 90 0.05 1.06
Middle Middle Class 679 0.06 0.96

1.3.2 Gender




Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender
Gender N Mean SD
Female 760 -0.16 0.94
Male 740 0.16 1.04

1.3.3 Age





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age
Age N Mean SD
25-34 years 264 -0.25 0.90
55-64 years 234 -0.10 1.03
35-44 years 263 -0.05 1.01
18-24 years 193 -0.01 0.92
45-54 years 292 0.02 0.99
65+ 254 0.38 1.03

1.3.4 Education





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education
Education N Mean SD
Bachelor 310 -0.12 1.02
Graduate 193 -0.10 1.07
Some college 471 -0.01 1.01
Less than High-school 51 0.01 1.03
High-school 475 0.13 0.93

1.3.5 Income Levels





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels
Income Levels N Mean SD
$35,000-$49,999 227 -0.12 0.93
$75,000-$99,999 192 -0.02 1.00
$100,000-$149,999 160 -0.01 1.07
$50,000-$74,999 292 0.00 0.99
$25,000-$34,999 176 0.03 1.01
$15,000-$24,999 180 0.03 1.02
Less than $15,000 178 0.05 1.00
$150,000 + 95 0.16 1.00

1.3.6 Ethnicity





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity
Ethnicity N Mean SD
Asian/Pacific Islander 29 -0.33 0.81
Latino 88 -0.17 0.96
Black/African America 115 -0.11 0.87
Other 18 0.01 0.95
Caucasian/European origin 1237 0.03 1.02
Native American 13 0.31 0.89

1.3.7 Occupation





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation
Occupation N Mean SD
Student 85 -0.15 0.91
Unemployed 146 -0.12 0.98
Full-time caregiver 31 -0.10 0.95
Employed 768 -0.05 1.00
Disabled 98 0.04 1.01
Parent 104 0.04 0.93
Retired 268 0.24 1.03

1.3.8 Area





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area
Area N Mean SD
Urban 955 -0.09 1.01
Rural 545 0.16 0.97





1.3.9 Religious Affiliation





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation





Denialist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation
Religious Affiliation N Mean SD
Atheist/Agnostic 230 -0.61 0.96
Jewish 52 -0.36 1.01
No religion 195 -0.10 0.92
Muslim 9 0.01 0.93
Christian 1014 0.18 0.96


1.4 Political Behavior

1.4.1 Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation 

## [1] 0.3695





    Political Orientation   Social Political Orientation   Economic Political Orientation   Composite Political Orientation
    B CI   B CI   B CI   B CI
(Intercept)   2.64 *** 2.43 â€“ 2.85   2.04 *** 1.80 â€“ 2.29   2.84 *** 2.60 â€“ 3.07   2.51 *** 2.30 â€“ 2.71
Denialist Climate Conspiracies   0.55 *** 0.52 â€“ 0.59   0.60 *** 0.56 â€“ 0.64   0.55 *** 0.51 â€“ 0.59   0.57 *** 0.53 â€“ 0.61
Observations   1500   1500   1500   1500
R2 / adj. R2   .344 / .343   .318 / .318   .294 / .293   .370 / .369
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001





    Political Orientation   Social Political Orientation   Economic Political Orientation   Composite Political Orientation
    B CI   B CI   B CI   B CI
(Intercept)   0.97 *** 0.59 â€“ 1.35   0.47 * 0.05 â€“ 0.90   0.70 ** 0.26 â€“ 1.13   0.72 *** 0.35 â€“ 1.08
Denialist Climate Conspiracies   0.45 *** 0.41 â€“ 0.49   0.45 *** 0.41 â€“ 0.50   0.48 *** 0.44 â€“ 0.53   0.46 *** 0.43 â€“ 0.50
Age   0.17 *** 0.11 â€“ 0.23   0.17 *** 0.11 â€“ 0.24   0.18 *** 0.11 â€“ 0.25   0.17 *** 0.12 â€“ 0.23
Income   0.07 ** 0.02 â€“ 0.12   -0.02  -0.07 â€“ 0.04   0.12 *** 0.06 â€“ 0.18   0.06 * 0.01 â€“ 0.11
Religiosity   0.25 *** 0.21 â€“ 0.28   0.37 *** 0.33 â€“ 0.41   0.16 *** 0.12 â€“ 0.20   0.26 *** 0.23 â€“ 0.29
Education   -0.01  -0.11 â€“ 0.09   -0.05  -0.16 â€“ 0.06   0.15 ** 0.04 â€“ 0.27   0.03  -0.07 â€“ 0.12
Observations   1500   1500   1500   1500
R2 / adj. R2   .442 / .440   .460 / .458   .364 / .362   .479 / .477
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001

1.4.2 Religiosity





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity 

## [1] 0.1093





1.4.3 Religiosity & Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity & Political Orientation

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity & Political Orientation





1.4.4 Candidate Preferences





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences





Candidate Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [centered]
Candidate Preference N Mean SD
Bernie Sanders 362 -0.54 0.85
Hillary Clinton 371 -0.50 0.87
Gary Johnson 68 0.03 0.86
Jeb Bush 83 0.08 0.83
Donald Trump 444 0.58 0.82
Rand Paul 44 0.64 0.82
Ted Cruz 122 0.70 0.85





Candidate Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [raw means]
Candidate Preferences N Mean SD Range
Bernie Sanders 362 3.40 2.22 1-9
Hillary Clinton 371 3.52 2.26 1-9
Gary Johnson 68 4.88 2.23 1-9
Jeb Bush 83 5.02 2.16 1-9
Donald Trump 444 6.32 2.14 1-9
Rand Paul 44 6.48 2.12 1-9
Ted Cruz 122 6.64 2.20 1-9





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences





1.4.5 Party Preferences





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Preferences

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Preferences





Party Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [centered]
Party Preference N Mean SD
Green Party 40 -0.87 0.64
Democratic Party 560 -0.56 0.90
None 120 0.03 0.92
Don’t know 90 0.05 0.73
Libertarian Party 100 0.18 0.95
Republican Party 508 0.45 0.82
Constitution Party 14 1.12 0.71
Tea Party 68 1.18 0.55





Party Preferences and Denialist Climate Conspiracies [raw means]
Party Preferences N Mean SD Range
Green Party 40 2.54 1.67 1-9
Democratic Party 560 3.35 2.33 1-9
None 120 4.89 2.39 1-9
Don’t know 90 4.93 1.89 1-9
Libertarian Party 100 5.27 2.46 1-9
Republican Party 508 5.97 2.13 1-9
Constitution Party 14 7.71 1.85 1-9
Tea Party 68 7.87 1.42 1-9





1.4.6 Voting





    2016 [Trump vs. Clinton]   2016 [Trump vs. Clinton] + Supporters   2012 [Romney vs. Obama]   2008 [McCain vs. Obama]
    Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI
(Intercept)   16.90 *** 11.90 â€“ 24.48   15.58 *** 11.10 â€“ 22.27   15.27 *** 11.01 â€“ 21.52   12.70 *** 9.24 â€“ 17.73
Denialist Climate Conspiracies   0.56 *** 0.52 â€“ 0.60   0.57 *** 0.53 â€“ 0.60   0.59 *** 0.56 â€“ 0.63   0.62 *** 0.58 â€“ 0.66
Observations   1103   1148   1236   1206
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001









1.4.7 Party Identity





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting





Tables meant for checking the number of observations in each category of the above graph.

Party Identity & Voting
Donald Trump Hilary Clinton
Strong Democrat 4 323
Democrat 27 129
Leaning Democrat 10 65
Independent 17 16
Leaning Republican 58 7
Republican 166 24
Strong Republican 282 7

1.4.8 Party Identity [2 samples]

1.4.8.1 with both representative (N = 1500) and convinience (2119) samples.





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting





Tables meant for checking the number of observations in each category of the above graph.

Party Identity and Party Identity & Voting [N = 3619]
Donald Trump Hilary Clinton
Strong Democrat 6 649
Democrat 58 307
Leaning Democrat 18 196
Independent 70 46
Leaning Republican 181 15
Republican 440 57
Strong Republican 748 12





1.4.9 Voting & Party Identity





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity & Voting Preferences

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity & Voting Preferences





    2016 [Clinton vs. Trump]   2016 [Trump vs. Clinton] + Supporters
    Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI
(Intercept)   89.684 *** 47.677 â€“ 180.237   66.799 *** 37.653 â€“ 125.130
Party Identity   0.009 *** 0.005 â€“ 0.014   0.011 *** 0.007 â€“ 0.017
Denialist Climate Conspiracies   0.649 *** 0.581 â€“ 0.721   0.665 *** 0.601 â€“ 0.733
Observations   1103   1148
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001





1.4.10 Likeability

1.4.11 Trump’s Likebility





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Trump's Likebility

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Trump’s Likebility





1.4.12 Clinton’s Likebility





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Clinton's Likebility

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Clinton’s Likebility





1.4.13 Johnson’s Likebility





Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Johnson's Likebility

Figure X. Denialist Climate Conspiracies & Johnson’s Likebility


1.5 Politico-Psychological correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.1 Ideology and Partisanship & Denialist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.2 Nationalism, Nativism, Patriotism, Populism, and Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.3 Political Psychology & Denialist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.4 Values & Denialist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.5 Positive and Negative correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Denialist Climate Conspiracies