1 Conspiracies about Climate Change [Warmist]

1.1 Items


Conspiracies about Climate Change

  1. Climate scientists and their political allies are deliberately misleading the public about global warming. [Denialist]
  2. Selfish interests are scheming to convince the public that global warming is a major threat. [Denialist]
  3. Oil companies and their political allies are deliberately misleading the public about global warming. [Warmist]
  4. Selfish interests are scheming to convince the public that global warming is not a major threat. [Warmist]

All items were asked in 9-point scale raning from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 9 (Strongly Agree).


1.2 Descriptives

1.2.1 Means, SD, Range, & SE


Descriptives for Warmist Climate Change Items
vars n mean sd min max range se
Oil companies 1 1500 5.59 2.19 1 9 8 0.06
Convince GW not major threat 2 1500 5.55 2.37 1 9 8 0.06
Means 3 1500 5.57 1.97 1 9 8 0.05

1.2.2 Proportions





1.2.3 Distributions


1.2.4 Correlations











1.3 Demographics

1.3.1 Social Class





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES




Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by SES
SES N Mean SD
Rich 90 -0.19 1.04
Upper Middle Class 395 -0.05 1.04
Middle Middle Class 679 0.03 0.97
Poor 38 0.03 0.97
Lower Middle Class 298 0.05 0.99

1.3.2 Gender




Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Gender
Gender N Mean SD
Male 740 -0.08 1.06
Female 760 0.08 0.93

1.3.3 Age





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Age
Age N Mean SD
65+ 254 -0.28 1.00
35-44 years 263 -0.04 1.05
55-64 years 234 -0.04 1.00
45-54 years 292 0.04 0.98
25-34 years 264 0.13 0.99
18-24 years 193 0.23 0.88

1.3.4 Education





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Education
Education N Mean SD
Bachelor 310 -0.13 1.02
Graduate 193 -0.07 1.04
Less than High-school 51 -0.02 1.05
High-school 475 0.05 0.96
Some college 471 0.06 1.00

1.3.5 Income Levels





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Income Levels
Income Levels N Mean SD
$150,000 + 95 -0.23 1.08
$100,000-$149,999 160 -0.07 1.06
$15,000-$24,999 180 -0.02 0.94
$50,000-$74,999 292 -0.01 0.97
$75,000-$99,999 192 0.01 1.03
$35,000-$49,999 227 0.03 0.95
Less than $15,000 178 0.03 1.01
$25,000-$34,999 176 0.14 1.01

1.3.6 Ethnicity





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Ethnicity
Ethnicity N Mean SD
Caucasian/European origin 1237 -0.04 1.00
Latino 88 0.08 0.97
Other 18 0.09 0.88
Asian/Pacific Islander 29 0.19 0.91
Black/African America 115 0.28 1.01
Native American 13 0.43 0.99

1.3.7 Occupation





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Occupation
Occupation N Mean SD
Retired 268 -0.20 0.98
Parent 104 -0.11 0.93
Disabled 98 -0.04 1.03
Employed 768 0.04 1.02
Full-time caregiver 31 0.05 0.93
Unemployed 146 0.12 0.95
Student 85 0.25 0.93

1.3.8 Area





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Area
Area N Mean SD
Rural 545 -0.10 1
Urban 955 0.05 1





1.3.9 Religious Affiliation





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation





Warmist Climate Conspiracies as grouped by Religious Affiliation
Religious Affiliation N Mean SD
Jewish 52 -0.17 1.18
Christian 1014 -0.11 0.97
No religion 195 0.10 0.97
Muslim 9 0.11 1.01
Atheist/Agnostic 230 0.42 1.02


1.4 Political Behavior

1.4.1 Political Orientation

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Political Orientation





    Political Orientation   Social Political Orientation   Economic Political Orientation   Composite Political Orientation
    B CI   B CI   B CI   B CI
(Intercept)   7.77 *** 7.42 – 8.12   7.68 *** 7.29 – 8.07   8.15 *** 7.78 – 8.53   7.87 *** 7.53 – 8.21
Warmist Climate Conspiracies   -0.44 *** -0.50 – -0.38   -0.49 *** -0.56 – -0.43   -0.48 *** -0.54 – -0.42   -0.47 *** -0.53 – -0.41
Observations   1500   1500   1500   1500
R2 / adj. R2   .125 / .125   .124 / .123   .129 / .128   .146 / .146
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001





    Political Orientation   Social Political Orientation   Economic Political Orientation   Composite Political Orientation
    B CI   B CI   B CI   B CI
(Intercept)   4.77 *** 4.22 – 5.31   4.45 *** 3.86 – 5.04   4.96 *** 4.35 – 5.57   4.73 *** 4.20 – 5.25
Warmist Climate Conspiracies   -0.32 *** -0.38 – -0.27   -0.35 *** -0.41 – -0.29   -0.38 *** -0.44 – -0.32   -0.35 *** -0.40 – -0.30
Age   0.20 *** 0.13 – 0.26   0.20 *** 0.12 – 0.27   0.20 *** 0.13 – 0.28   0.20 *** 0.13 – 0.26
Income   0.09 ** 0.03 – 0.15   0.00  -0.06 – 0.07   0.14 *** 0.07 – 0.20   0.08 ** 0.02 – 0.13
Religiosity   0.34 *** 0.30 – 0.38   0.46 *** 0.41 – 0.50   0.26 *** 0.21 – 0.30   0.35 *** 0.31 – 0.39
Education   -0.16 ** -0.27 – -0.05   -0.20 *** -0.32 – -0.08   -0.01  -0.13 – 0.12   -0.12 * -0.23 – -0.02
Observations   1500   1500   1500   1500
R2 / adj. R2   .307 / .305   .360 / .357   .242 / .240   .341 / .339
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001

1.4.2 Religiosity





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity





1.4.3 Religiosity & Political Orientation

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity & Political Orientation

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Religiosity & Political Orientation





1.4.4 Candidate Preferences





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences





Candidate Preferences and Warmist Climate Conspiracies [centered]
Candidate Preference N Mean SD
Ted Cruz 122 -0.56 0.98
Rand Paul 44 -0.50 0.93
Jeb Bush 83 -0.33 0.82
Donald Trump 444 -0.27 0.92
Gary Johnson 68 -0.13 0.84
Hillary Clinton 371 0.24 0.96
Bernie Sanders 362 0.43 0.97





Candidate Preferences and Warmist Climate Conspiracies [raw means]
Candidate Preferences N Mean SD Range
Ted Cruz 122 4.47 1.93 1-9
Rand Paul 44 4.59 1.83 1-9
Jeb Bush 83 4.93 1.61 1-9
Donald Trump 444 5.04 1.81 1-9
Gary Johnson 68 5.32 1.65 1-9
Hillary Clinton 371 6.05 1.88 1-9
Bernie Sanders 362 6.41 1.91 1-9





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Candidate Preferences





1.4.5 Party Preferences





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Party Preferences

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Party Preferences





Party Preferences and Warmist Climate Conspiracies [centered]
Party Preference N Mean SD
Tea Party 68 -0.67 1.15
Republican Party 508 -0.29 0.84
Constitution Party 14 -0.27 0.99
Libertarian Party 100 -0.27 1.02
None 120 -0.10 0.94
Don’t know 90 0.00 0.86
Democratic Party 560 0.36 0.99
Green Party 40 0.95 0.87





Party Preferences and Warmist Climate Conspiracies [raw means]
Party Preferences N Mean SD Range
Tea Party 68 4.26 2.27 1-9
Republican Party 508 4.99 1.66 1-9
Constitution Party 14 5.04 1.94 1-9
Libertarian Party 100 5.04 2.00 1-9
None 120 5.38 1.86 1-9
Don’t know 90 5.56 1.68 1-9
Democratic Party 560 6.27 1.94 1-9
Green Party 40 7.44 1.71 1-9





1.4.6 Voting





    2016 [Trump vs. Clinton]   2016 [Trump vs. Clinton] + Supporters   2012 [Romney vs. Obama]   2008 [McCain vs. Obama]
    Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI
(Intercept)   0.11 *** 0.07 – 0.17   0.12 *** 0.08 – 0.19   0.14 *** 0.10 – 0.20   0.17 *** 0.11 – 0.24
Warmist Climate Conspiracies   1.48 *** 1.38 – 1.59   1.45 *** 1.36 – 1.55   1.47 *** 1.37 – 1.57   1.42 *** 1.34 – 1.52
Observations   1103   1148   1236   1206
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001









1.4.7 Party Identity





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting





Tables meant for checking the number of observations in each category of the above graph.

Party Identity & Voting
Donald Trump Hilary Clinton
Strong Democrat 4 323
Democrat 27 129
Leaning Democrat 10 65
Independent 17 16
Leaning Republican 58 7
Republican 166 24
Strong Republican 282 7

1.4.8 Party Identity [2 samples]

1.4.8.1 with both representative (N = 1500) and convinience (2119) samples.





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies, Party Identity and Voting





Tables meant for checking the number of observations in each category of the above graph.

Party Identity and Party Identity & Voting [N = 3619]
Donald Trump Hilary Clinton
Strong Democrat 6 649
Democrat 58 307
Leaning Democrat 18 196
Independent 70 46
Leaning Republican 181 15
Republican 440 57
Strong Republican 748 12





1.4.9 Voting & Party Identity





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity & Voting Preferences

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Party Identity & Voting Preferences





    2016 [Clinton vs. Trump]   2016 [Trump vs. Clinton] + Supporters
    Odds Ratio CI   Odds Ratio CI
(Intercept)   5.539 *** 2.558 – 12.575   4.505 *** 2.215 – 9.520
Party Identity   0.006 *** 0.004 – 0.010   0.008 *** 0.005 – 0.012
Warmist Climate Conspiracies   1.165 * 1.029 – 1.318   1.174 ** 1.047 – 1.317
Observations   1103   1148
Notes * p<.05   ** p<.01   *** p<.001





1.4.10 Likeability

1.4.11 Trump’s Likebility





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Trump's Likebility

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Trump’s Likebility





1.4.12 Clinton’s Likebility





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Clinton's Likebility

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Clinton’s Likebility





1.4.13 Johnson’s Likebility





Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Johnson's Likebility

Figure X. Warmist Climate Conspiracies & Johnson’s Likebility


1.5 Politico-Psychological correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.1 Ideology and Partisanship & Warmist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.2 Nationalism, Nativism, Patriotism, Populism, and Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.3 Political Psychology & Warmist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.4 Values & Warmist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies





1.5.5 Positive and Negative correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies





Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies

Figure X. Correlates of Warmist Climate Conspiracies